Registered Practical Nurse (RPN) Practice Test

A son reports that his father has become impulsive and has angry outbursts following a head trauma. Which part of the brain is most likely affected?

1. Cerebellum

2. Brain stem

3. Cerebral cortex

4. Hippocampus

The correct answer is: Cerebral cortex

The cerebral cortex is the part of the brain most likely affected in this scenario. This region is responsible for higher cognitive functions, including decision-making, impulse control, and emotional regulation. When someone experiences head trauma, damage to the cerebral cortex can result in significant changes in personality and behavior, as seen in the father’s impulsive actions and angry outbursts. The other areas mentioned have different functions; the cerebellum is primarily involved in coordinating movement and balance, which doesn’t directly relate to impulsivity or emotional volatility. The brain stem manages basic life functions, such as breathing and heart rate, and is not linked to behaviors associated with decision-making. Lastly, the hippocampus is critical for memory formation and spatial navigation, and though it can influence behavior in a more indirect way, it is not the primary region associated with impulsivity or anger management issues.