Registered Practical Nurse (RPN) Practice Test

What does the term "best interests" refer to in the context of substitute decision-making?

1. Patient autonomy

2. Insurance benefits

3. Benefits of treatment outweighing risks

4. Cost of prescribed medications

The correct answer is: Benefits of treatment outweighing risks

In the context of substitute decision-making, the term "best interests" primarily focuses on weighing the benefits of treatment against the risks involved. This concept emphasizes that when a patient is unable to make decisions for themselves—due to incapacity, for example—a substitute decision-maker must consider what would most benefit the patient's health and well-being. This involves evaluating various treatment options and their potential outcomes, ensuring that the chosen course of action maximizes positive effects while minimizing potential harm. For instance, if a treatment has significant benefits that could lead to improved health outcomes but also carries certain risks, the decision-maker must critically assess whether the anticipated benefits justify those risks. This evaluation is crucial to ensuring that the decisions made align with what would likely be in the patient's best interests, reflecting a commitment to patient welfare and ethical considerations in healthcare. Understanding this framework is vital for healthcare professionals, as it informs how they guide substitutes in making decisions that truly reflect the needs and preferences of the patient, especially in complex medical situations.