Registered Practical Nurse (RPN) Practice Test

What should a child with ADHD and their parents avoid while on Ritalin?

1. Nutritious foods

2. Excessive physical activity

3. Over-the-counter decongestants and cold remedies

4. All types of caffeine

The correct answer is: Over-the-counter decongestants and cold remedies

When a child with ADHD is prescribed Ritalin, it is crucial to consider potential interactions with other substances, particularly over-the-counter medications. Ritalin (methylphenidate) acts as a central nervous system stimulant, and combining it with certain over-the-counter decongestants and cold remedies can exacerbate side effects such as increased heart rate and elevated blood pressure. This is primarily because many cold remedies contain additional stimulants, which can intensify the effects of Ritalin and lead to discomfort or health risks. On the other hand, while excess caffeine can affect behavior and sleep patterns, and should be monitored, its inclusion in a list of things to avoid carries less immediate risk compared to the interaction with over-the-counter medications. Similarly, nutritious foods are beneficial for a child’s overall health and development, and excessive physical activity, while needing moderation, is generally encouraged; it is not specifically contraindicated. Therefore, the most significant concern for safety and efficacy lies with avoiding over-the-counter decongestants and cold remedies when a child is taking Ritalin.