Registered Practical Nurse (RPN) Practice Test

When addressing a client with job-related stress, what should the nurse identify as two antecedents of the stress response?

1. The environment and physical health

2. The person-environment relationship and cognitive appraisal

3. Emotional stability and social support

4. Work hours and personal goals

The correct answer is: The person-environment relationship and cognitive appraisal

Identifying the person-environment relationship and cognitive appraisal as antecedents of the stress response is crucial because these concepts help explain how individuals perceive and react to stressors in their environment. The person-environment relationship refers to a person's unique interaction with their surroundings, including their job and work environment. This interaction can significantly influence how stress is experienced. For instance, a supportive work environment might buffer stress, while a toxic one can exacerbate it. Cognitive appraisal involves the individual's evaluation of a stressor, determining whether it is perceived as a threat or a challenge. This subjective assessment is vital because it influences the stress response. For example, if a person views a heavy workload as a challenge (an opportunity to grow), they may cope differently than if they perceive it as a threat to their well-being, leading to different physiological and emotional responses. Understanding these antecedents is essential for addressing job-related stress effectively, allowing healthcare professionals to support clients in modifying their perceptions and interactions with their work environment to mitigate the adverse effects of stress.