Registered Practical Nurse (RPN) Practice Test

Which ethical principle is best described as respecting a patient's freedom to make their own choices?

1. Beneficence

2. Autonomy

3. Dignity

4. Justice

The correct answer is: Autonomy

The principle of autonomy is fundamental in healthcare as it emphasizes the importance of respecting a patient's right to make their own decisions regarding their treatment and care. This principle is rooted in the belief that individuals have the capacity and the right to determine what happens to their bodies and lives. By honoring autonomy, healthcare professionals support the idea that patients should be informed about their options and allowed to choose based on their values, preferences, and beliefs. In practical terms, applying the principle of autonomy means that healthcare providers must ensure that patients are fully informed about their medical conditions, possible treatments, and the potential risks and benefits associated with each option. Engaging patients in conversations about their care plans and respecting their choices—even if they differ from the healthcare provider's recommendations—fosters a trusting patient-provider relationship and enhances patient satisfaction. Furthermore, honoring autonomy can lead to better health outcomes, as patients who feel empowered to make their own choices are more likely to adhere to their treatment plans. This principle is foundational to ethical healthcare practices and is considered a cornerstone in the development of informed consent processes.