Registered Practical Nurse (RPN) Practice Test

Which medication side effect should a nurse assess for in an older adult treated with typical antipsychotics?

1. Excessive drowsiness

2. Dry mouth

3. Tardive dyskinesia

4. Nausea

The correct answer is: Tardive dyskinesia

Tardive dyskinesia is a significant side effect associated with the use of typical antipsychotics, particularly in older adults. This neurological disorder is characterized by involuntary, repetitive body movements, which can become debilitating. Older adults are more susceptible to this side effect because their nervous systems may be more sensitive to the effects of these medications. Screening for tardive dyskinesia involves observing for symptoms such as facial grimacing, lip smacking, and uncontrolled limb movements. The risk of developing this condition increases with prolonged use of typical antipsychotics, making careful monitoring crucial in older patients who are often prescribed these medications for conditions such as dementia-related behavioral issues or serious mental illness. Early detection allows for timely intervention, which can include medication adjustment or switching to atypical antipsychotics that may have a lower risk of causing tardive dyskinesia. Recognizing this side effect is vital for improving the quality of life and reducing the risk of further complications in older patients.