Registered Practical Nurse (RPN) Practice Test

If a client who abuses cocaine is diagnosed with schizophrenia, what should the nurse inform the client about the psychological effects of cocaine abuse?

1. Increased appetite

2. Rebound withdrawal symptoms

3. Heightened senses

4. Improved emotional regulation

The correct answer is: Rebound withdrawal symptoms

When considering the psychological effects of cocaine abuse, it is vital to recognize that after the initial euphoria and increased energy from using cocaine, individuals may experience rebound withdrawal symptoms as the drug's effects wear off. This can include depression, irritability, fatigue, and cravings for the substance. These symptoms arise because cocaine affects the brain's neurotransmitters, especially dopamine, and when the drug is no longer present, the individual can experience a sharp decline in mood and motivation. This rebound effect is particularly relevant for someone diagnosed with schizophrenia, as substance abuse can exacerbate pre-existing symptoms of the mental health disorder or create complications in treatment. Understanding this aspect of cocaine's psychological effects is critical for clients, as it highlights the potential for worsening mental health and the cyclical nature of addiction and mood disorders. The other options relate to effects that do not appropriately describe the consequences of cocaine abuse. For instance, increased appetite typically occurs with drugs that depress the central nervous system rather than stimulants like cocaine. Heightened senses may occur during intoxication but do not reflect the broader psychological impact after use. Improved emotional regulation is unlikely in the context of ongoing cocaine abuse, as the drug can lead to increased emotional instability and problems with managing emotions effectively.