Registered Practical Nurse (RPN) Practice Test

What does Sigmund Freud's theory suggest can lead to psychosis or neurosis?

1. Positive childhood experiences

2. Interference in normal development

3. Chemical imbalances in the brain

4. Social media influences

The correct answer is: Interference in normal development

Sigmund Freud's theory posits that psychosis or neurosis can arise from interference in normal psychological development, particularly during the critical stages of childhood. Freud believed that unresolved conflicts during these formative years could lead to defense mechanisms that might manifest as neurotic symptoms later in life. These conflicts often involve the interplay between the id (instinctual drives), ego (realistic mediation), and superego (moral standards), which contribute to an individual's mental health. When normal development is disrupted—whether through trauma, inadequate parenting, or societal pressures—individuals may struggle to resolve internal conflicts adequately. This struggle can create significant stress and anxiety, resulting in psychotic or neurotic behaviors as the individual attempts to cope with the emotional turmoil. Freud emphasized the importance of early experiences and relationships in shaping one's psyche, making the concept of interrupted normal development central to understanding how psychosis or neurosis can develop according to his theory. In contrast, positive childhood experiences are generally thought to support healthy development, while chemical imbalances and social media influences are concepts that are more associated with contemporary understanding of mental health rather than Freud's psychodynamic approach.