Registered Practical Nurse (RPN) Practice Test

Who may act as a substitute decision-maker for a patient under the Mental Health Act?

1. A friend of the patient

2. A state-appointed guardian or relative

3. Any healthcare provider

4. A social worker

The correct answer is: A state-appointed guardian or relative

The reason why a state-appointed guardian or relative may act as a substitute decision-maker for a patient under the Mental Health Act relates to the legal framework and responsibilities outlined in the legislation. This provision is designed to ensure that individuals who may not have the capacity to make informed decisions for themselves due to a mental health condition still have someone who can advocate for their best interests. A state-appointed guardian is specifically designated to make decisions on behalf of individuals who are deemed incapable, ensuring that those decisions adhere to legal standards and ethical considerations. Additionally, a relative may also be recognized as a suitable substitute decision-maker, provided they are deemed able to act in the patient's best interest, preserving the individual’s right to autonomy while respecting their needs. In contrast, a friend of the patient may lack the legal authority or the obligation to make decisions that align with the patient's best interests. Similarly, any healthcare provider or a social worker would not have the overarching decision-making authority unless they are designated as a substitute decision-maker or guardian by the appropriate legal channels. These roles operate within a structured framework to protect vulnerable individuals, ensuring that decision-making remains vested in those with both the authority and the capacity to act ethically and responsibly.